Windows10系统 MySQL数据库安装
目录
一、下载MySQL安装包
二、配置环境变量
三、my.ini配置
四、cmd指令安装MySQL数据库
一、下载MySQL安装包
官网下载地址：mysql社区版；
下载红线圈起来的哪项：
下载后解压，把解压包mysql-8.0.26-winx64复制到你觉得舒服的盘。
二、配置环境变量
1、右键桌面的此电脑 > 找到高级系统设置 > 进入最下面环境变量(N)...> 找到系统变量选项框 点击Path再点击编辑 > 点击新建然后点击浏览找到你复制的解压包打开到bin文件夹 最后确定。
2、或者在控制面板找到系统 > 找到高级系统设置 > 进入最下面环境变量(N)...> 找到系统变量选项框 点击Path再点击编辑 > 点击新建然后点击浏览找到你复制的解压包打开到bin文件夹 最后确定。
提示：x:\xxxx\xxxx\bin
三、my.ini配置
常见的配置：
[mysql]# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集default-character-set=utf8[mysqld]# 设置3306端口port = 3306# 设置mysql的安装目录basedir=E:\\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\\bin# 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置，系统自己生成即可，否则有可能报错datadir=E:\\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\\data# 允许最大连接数max_connections=1000# 服务端使用的字符集默认utf8character-set-server=utf8# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎default-storage-engine=INNODB提示：复杂的配置如下
1、配置文件说明信息。# CLIENT SECTION# ----------------------------------------------------------------------[client]#password =1234 # pipe# socket=mysql# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口port=3306default-character-set=utf8[mysql]port=3306# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集default-character-set=utf8# SERVER SECTION# ----------------------------------------------------------------------[mysqld]# mysql服务端默认监听(listen on)的TCP/IP端口port=3306# 基准路径，其他路径都相对于这个路径；即MySQL的安装路径basedir="D:\MySQL"# mysql数据库文件所在目录datadir="D:\Mysql\data"# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的utf-8字符集character-set-server=utf8# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎default-storage-engine=INNODB# SQL模式为strict模式sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"# General and Slow logging.log-output=NONEgeneral-log=0general_log_file="WANGZHANGJIE.log"slow-query-log=0slow_query_log_file="WANGZHANGJIE-slow.log"long_query_time=10# Error Logging.log-error="WANGZHANGJIE.err"# mysql服务器支持的最大并发连接数（用户数）。但总会预留其中的一个连接给管理员使用超级权限登录，# 即使连接数目达到最大限制。如果设置得过小而用户比较多，会经常出现“Too many connections”错误。max_connections=100# 查询缓存大小，用于缓存SELECT查询结果。如果有许多返回相同查询结果的SELECT查询，并且很少改变表，# 可以设置query_cache_size大于0，可以极大改善查询效率。而如果表数据频繁变化，就不要使用这个，会适得其反query_cache_size=0# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in# section [mysqld_safe]table_open_cache=2000# 内存中的每个临时表允许的最大大小。如果临时表大小超过该值，临时表将自动转为基于磁盘的表（Disk Based Table）。tmp_table_size=20M# 缓存的最大线程数。当客户端连接断开时，如果客户端总连接数小于该值，则处理客户端任务的线程放回缓存。# 在高并发情况下，如果该值设置得太小，就会有很多线程频繁创建，# 线程创建的开销会变大，查询效率也会下降。一般来说如果在应用端有良好的多线程处理，这个参数对性能不会有太大的提高。thread_cache_size=9# mysql重建索引时允许使用的临时文件最大大小myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the# key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.myisam_sort_buffer_size=39M# Key Buffer大小，用于缓存MyISAM表的索引块。决定数据库索引处理的速度（尤其是索引读）key_buffer_size=8M# 用于对MyISAM表全表扫描时使用的缓冲区大小。针对每个线程进行分配（前提是进行了全表扫描）。# 进行排序查询时，MySql会首先扫描一遍该缓冲，以避免磁盘搜索，提高查询速度，# 如果需要排序大量数据，可适当调高该值。但MySql会为每个客户连接发放该缓冲空间，# 所以应尽量适当设置该值，以避免内存开销过大。read_buffer_size=64Kread_rnd_buffer_size=256K# connection级参数（为每个线程配置），500个线程将消耗500*256K的sort_buffer_size。sort_buffer_size=256K# InnoDB用于存储元数据信息的内存池大小，一般不需修改innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=2M# 事务相关参数，如果值为1，则InnoDB在每次commit都会将事务日志写入磁盘（磁盘IO消耗较大），# 这样保证了完全的ACID特性。而如果设置为0，则表示事务日志写入内存log和内存log写入磁盘的频率都为1次/秒。# 如果设为2则表示事务日志在每次commit都写入内存log，但内存log写入磁盘的频率为1次/秒。innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1# InnoDB日志数据缓冲大小，如果缓冲满了，就会将缓冲中的日志数据写入磁盘（flush）。# 由于一般至少都1秒钟会写一次磁盘，所以没必要设置过大，即使是长事务。innodb_log_buffer_size=1M# InnoDB使用缓冲池来缓存索引和行数据。该值设置的越大，则磁盘IO越少。一般将该值设为物理内存的80%。innodb_buffer_pool_size=97M# 每一个InnoDB事务日志的大小。一般设为innodb_buffer_pool_size的25%到100%innodb_log_file_size=48M# InnoDB内核最大并发线程数innodb_thread_concurrency=9# The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.innodb_autoextend_increment=64M# The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.# For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,# by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8# Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000# Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before# it can be moved to the new sublist.innodb_old_blocks_time=1000# It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.innodb_open_files=300# When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.innodb_stats_on_metadata=0# When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table# in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.innodb_file_per_table=1# Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.innodb_checksum_algorithm=0# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.# This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.# It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.# The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily# stops answering new requests.# You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.back_log=70# If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and# synchronize unflushed data to disk.# This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.flush_time=0# The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use# indexes and thus perform full table scans.join_buffer_size=256K# The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the# mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.max_allowed_packet=4M# If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,# the server blocks that host from performing further connections.max_connect_errors=100# Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.# You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".open_files_limit=4110# Set the query cache type. 0 for OFF, 1 for ON and 2 for DEMAND.query_cache_type=0# If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the# sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization# or improved indexing.sort_buffer_size=256K# The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.# If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.# The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.# The minimum and default values are both 400.table_definition_cache=1400# Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.# Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.binlog_row_event_max_size=8K# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk.# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.sync_master_info=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.sync_relay_log=10000# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.sync_relay_log_info=10000记得在你的解压包下新建my.ini，将上面内容复制进去保存。
四、cmd指令安装MySQL数据库
注意：环境变量和my.ini配置完成后才能进行下列操作
使用管理员模式：
右键左下角的windows10图标，找到Windows PowerShell(管理员)（A）打开：
1、输入cmd 回车；
2、输入 你的解压包所在的盘符（如：D:）回车；
3、输入 cd 你的解压包的bin文件夹的地址 回车（如：cd E:\mysql-8.0.26-winx64\bin ）；
提示：下列指令可以直接复制到cmd里 执行，一定要按顺序执行
4、初始化, 输入 :
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
你的解压包的下将生成一个data的文件夹。
如果你要重置数据库建议直接删除mysql解压包，重新复制一个，二次初始化会报错。
5、安装服务，输入：
mysqld install
提示：删除服务：mysqld remove。
6、启动服务，输入：
net start mysql
7登录数据库，输入：
mysql -u root -p
因为初始化的原因，第一次是不需要密码的 直接回车；
8、修改登录密码 输入：
SET PASSWORD = '你的密码' ;
9、刷新权限 输入：
flush privileges ;
10、退出 输入：
qiut
或者
exit