> 文档中心 > 【MySQL】条件判断函数 case when 求和计数,if 函数

【MySQL】条件判断函数 case when 求和计数,if 函数

比赛结果result表内容如下:

DateWin2017-07-122017-07-122017-07-152017-07-15

如果要生成下列结果, 正确的sql语句是:( )

比赛日期     胜     负2017-07-12   1      12017-07-15   1      1
select Date As 比赛日期, (case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), (case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Dateselect Date As 比赛日期, SUM(case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), SUM(case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from resultselect Date As 比赛日期, SUM( when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), SUM( when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Dateselect Date As 比赛日期, SUM(case when Win='胜' then 1 else 0 end), SUM(case when Win='负' then 1 else 0 end)from result group by Date

解析:

由题意得,需要行转列按日期分组并对列求和,因此需要 group by Date, sum(…胜/负)。

  • A 中无 sum ,错;
  • B 中无 group by ,错;
  • C 中 case when … then … else … end 用法不正确,错;
  • 选 D

这道题主要考察了 case when 的用法,下面是使用方法:

1、case when… then… else… end:

CASE 字段 WHEN 预期值 THEN 结果1 ELSE 结果2 END

score 表:

mysql> select * from score;+----+----------+------+------+-------+| id | name     | sex  | age  | score |+----+----------+------+------+-------+|  1 | zhangsan |    1 |   19 |    99 ||  2 | lisi     |    0 |   25 |    89 ||  3 | wangwu   |    1 |   21 |    79 ||  4 | zhaoliu  |    0 |   18 |    69 ||  5 | sunqi    |    1 |   23 |    59 ||  6 | zhouba   |    1 |   15 |    49 ||  7 | wujiu    |    0 |   20 |    39 |+----+----------+------+------+-------+

示例: 查找男女,以汉字显示

1、使用 case when ,符合要求的返回 1,case when 外部用 sum 进行求和

select name, (case sex when '1' then '男' else '女' end) sex from score;

2、用 if 函数的方式:

select name, if(sex = 1, '男', '女') as sex from score;
+----------+-----+| name     | sex |+----------+-----+| zhangsan ||| lisi     ||| wangwu   ||| zhaoliu  ||| sunqi    ||| zhouba   ||| wujiu    ||+----------+-----+

2、条件表达式:

CASE WHEN condition THEN result1  ELSE result2END
  • 如果没有 end,返回 NULL
  • 注意: 多个 when 之间,不必加逗号

示例 1: 统计每个学生的成绩级别

select name, score, (case when score > 90 then 'nice' when score > 80 then 'good' when score >= 60 then'not bad' else 'bad' end) as level from score;

示例 2: 统计总人数,男女人数和男女成年的人数

1、case when 外部用 sum 进行求和

select count(id) as '总人数', sum(case when sex = '1' then 1 else 0 end) as '男生人数', sum(case when sex = '0' then 1 else 0 end) as '女生人数', sum(case when age >= 18 and sex = '1' then 1 else 0 end) as '成年男生人数', sum(case when age >= 18 and sex = '0' then 1 else 0 end) as '成年女生人数' from score;

2、if 函数计数

select count(if(age >= 18 and sex = 1, 1, null)) as '成年男生人数', count(if(age >= 18 and sex = 0, 1, null)) as '成年女生人数' from score;
+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+| 总人数    | 男生人数     | 女生人数     | 成年男生人数| 成年女生人数|+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+|  7 |     4 |     3 |    3 |    3 |+-----------+--------------+--------------+--------------------+--------------------+

多事通