Android开发-使用am命令启动Activity，Service等组件，以及发送广播等操作
am命令简介：
am是一个可执行程序，全称是activity manager（还记得ActivityManager类么？）。am命令可以启动一个activity或service，发送一个BroadCast，也可以进行诸如杀进程等强大的功能。
am在Android系统中的源码位置：
frameworks\base\cmds\am\src\com\android\commands\am
am help:
在adb shell命令行，输入am或者am help，可以列出am的使用帮助信息，部分信息如下：
255|generic_x86:/ # am
Activity manager (activity) commands:
help
Print this help text.
start-activity [-D] [-N] [-W] [-P ] [--start-profiler ]
[--sampling INTERVAL] [--streaming] [-R COUNT] [-S]
[--track-allocation] [--user | current]
Start an Activity. Options are:
-D: enable debugging
-N: enable native debugging
-W: wait for launch to complete
--start-profiler : start profiler and send results to
--sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
between samples (use with --start-profiler)
--streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
(use with --start-profiler)
-P : like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle
--attach-agent : attach the given agent before binding
-R: repeat the activity launch times. Prior to each repeat,
the top activity will be finished.
-S: force stop the target app before starting the activity
--track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations
--user | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
--stack : Specify into which stack should the activity be put.
start-service [--user | current]
Start a Service. Options are:
--user | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
specified then run as the current user.
start-foreground-service [--user | current]
am命令常用参数说明：
| 命令 | 功能 | 实现方法 |
|---|---|---|
| am start [options] | 启动Activity | startActivityAsUser |
| am startservice | 启动Service | startService |
| am stopservice | 停止Service | stopService |
| am broadcast | 发送广播 | broadcastIntent |
| am restart | 重启 | restart |
| am dumpheap | 进程pid的堆信息输出到file | dumpheap |
| am send-trim-memory | 收紧进程的内存 | setProcessMemoryTrimLevel |
| am kill | 杀指定后台进程 | killBackgroundProcesses |
| am kill-all | 杀所有后台进程 | killAllBackgroundProcesses |
| am force-stop | 强杀进程 | forceStopPackage |
| am hang | 系统卡住 | hang |
| am monitor | 监控 | MyActivityController.run |
am命令举例：
（1）启动一个activity：
am start -n PackageName/PackageName.ActivityName
1. Camera（照相机）的启动方法为：
# am start -n com.android.camera/com.android.camera.Camera
2. Browser（浏览器）的启动方法为：
# am start -n com.android.browser/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity
3. 启动浏览器(打开网址) :
am start -a android.intent.action.VIEW -d http://www.163.com
（2）启动service：
adb shell am startservice -n PackageName/services name
adb shell am startservice -n com.test.myapp/.MyService
(3)发送一个广播:
am broadcast
用am发送开机广播的命令：
am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED
am broadcast的参数：
[-a ]
[-d ]
[-t ]
[-c [-c ] ...]
[-e|--es ...]
[--ez ...]
[-e|--ei ...]
[-n ]
[-f ] []