基于HarmonyOS Next的智慧社区生活助手开发实战
基于HarmonyOS Next的智慧社区生活助手开发实战
在万物互联时代,HarmonyOS Next为生活服务类应用提供了革命性的开发体验。本文将结合AppGallery Connect(AGC)服务与ArkTS语言,带你构建一个功能全面的智慧社区助手应用,涵盖社区服务、智能家居控制、邻里社交等核心场景,让开发生活服务类应用变得简单高效。
一、项目蓝图与基础搭建
技术组合拳:
- HarmonyOS SDK 5.0
- ArkTS声明式UI
- AGC核心服务:云数据库、认证服务、云函数
三步初始化:
- 在AGC控制台创建项目并启用Cloud DB服务
- 设计社区服务数据结构
- 配置HarmonyOS应用权限
// 社区服务数据模型 CommunityService.ets@Observedexport class CommunityService { @PrimaryKey id: string = \'\'; // 服务唯一ID title: string = \'\'; // 服务标题(如\"快递代收\") description: string = \'\'; // 服务描述 icon: Resource = $r(\'app.media.default_icon\'); // 服务图标 contact: string = \'\'; // 联系电话}
二、社区信息服务实现
核心功能:
- 物业公告实时推送
- 社区活动日历
- 紧急通知系统
// NoticeManager.ets - 公告管理模块import { cloudDB } from \'@kit.AGConnectCloudDBKit\';export class NoticeManager { private static cloudDBZone: cloudDB.CloudDBZone | null = null; // 初始化云数据库 static async init() { try { const agcCloudDB = await cloudDB.getAGConnectCloudDB(); this.cloudDBZone = await agcCloudDB.openCloudDBZone( new cloudDB.CloudDBZoneConfig(\'CommunityZone\') ); } catch (err) { console.error(\'云数据库初始化失败\', err.message); } } // 获取最新公告 static async getLatestNotice(): Promise<string> { if (!this.cloudDBZone) return \'\'; const query = cloudDB.CloudDBZoneQuery.where(CommunityNotice) .orderByDesc(\'publishTime\') .limit(1); try { const snapshot = await this.cloudDBZone.executeSnapshotQuery(query); if (snapshot.hasNext()) { const notice = await snapshot.next(); return notice.content; } return \'暂无公告\'; } catch (err) { console.error(\'公告查询失败\', err.message); return \'\'; } } // 发送紧急通知(物业端使用) static async sendEmergencyAlert(message: string) { const alert = new CommunityNotice(); alert.id = generateUUID(); alert.content = `【紧急】${message}`; alert.publishTime = Date.now(); await this.cloudDBZone?.upsertData([alert]); }}
三、智能家居控制中心
场景: 通过手机控制社区内的智能设备
// SmartHomeController.etsimport { smarthome } from \'@kit.ConnectedHomeKit\';@Entry@Componentstruct HomeControlPanel { @State lightsStatus: boolean = false; @State temperature: number = 24; // 获取设备列表 private async loadDevices() { try { const devices = await smarthome.getDeviceList(); devices.forEach(device => { if (device.deviceType === \'LIGHT\') { this.lightsStatus = device.status === \'ON\'; } else if (device.deviceType === \'THERMOSTAT\') { this.temperature = device.temperature; } }); } catch (err) { console.error(\'设备加载失败\', err.message); } } // 控制灯光开关 private async toggleLights() { try { await smarthome.executeCommand({ deviceType: \'LIGHT\', command: this.lightsStatus ? \'TURN_OFF\' : \'TURN_ON\' }); this.lightsStatus = !this.lightsStatus; } catch (err) { console.error(\'灯光控制失败\', err.message); } } build() { Column() { // 灯光控制卡片 ControlCard({ icon: $r(\'app.media.light_icon\'), title: \'客厅灯光\', status: this.lightsStatus ? \'已开启\' : \'已关闭\', onToggle: () => this.toggleLights() }) // 温度控制器 TemperatureSlider({ currentTemp: this.temperature, onTempChange: (newTemp) => { this.temperature = newTemp } }) } .onAppear(() => this.loadDevices()) }}// 温度控制组件@Componentstruct TemperatureSlider { @Link currentTemp: number; build() { Row() { Image($r(\'app.media.temp_icon\')).width(30) Slider({ value: this.currentTemp, min: 16, max: 30 }) .onChange(v => this.currentTemp = v) Text(`${this.currentTemp}°C`).fontSize(18) } .padding(10) }}
四、邻里社交功能实现
核心特性:
- 社区聊天室
- 二手市场
- 技能互助平台
// NeighborChat.ets - 社区聊天室import { agconnect } from \'@kit.AGConnectCoreKit\';import { cloud } from \'@kit.AGConnectCloudKit\';@Entry@Componentstruct CommunityChatRoom { @State messages: ChatMessage[] = []; @State newMessage: string = \'\'; private chatRoomId: string = \'community_main\'; // 发送消息 private async sendMessage() { if (!this.newMessage.trim()) return; try { const user = agconnect.auth().currentUser; const messageData = { sender: user?.displayName || \'匿名邻居\', content: this.newMessage, timestamp: Date.now() }; // 通过云函数发送消息 await cloud.function(\'sendChatMessage\').call({ roomId: this.chatRoomId, message: messageData }); this.newMessage = \'\'; } catch (err) { console.error(\'消息发送失败\', err.message); } } // 监听实时消息 onInit() { cloud.function(\'subscribeToChat\').call({ roomId: this.chatRoomId }).then(listener => { listener.on(\'message\', (event) => { this.messages = [...this.messages, event.data]; }); }); } build() { Column() { // 消息列表 List({ space: 10 }) { ForEach(this.messages, (msg) => { ListItem() { ChatBubble({ message: msg }) } }) } .layoutWeight(1) // 输入区域 Row() { TextInput({ text: this.newMessage }) .onChange(v => this.newMessage = v) .layoutWeight(1) Button(\'发送\') .onClick(() => this.sendMessage()) } .padding(10) } }}
五、便民缴费系统
集成能力:
- 水电煤账单查询
- 在线支付
- 缴费历史记录
// PaymentService.etsimport { cloudDB } from \'@kit.AGConnectCloudDBKit\';import { pay } from \'@kit.PaymentKit\';export class PaymentManager { // 查询未缴账单 static async getPendingBills(userId: string): Promise<UtilityBill[]> { try { const query = cloudDB.CloudDBZoneQuery.where(UtilityBill) .equalTo(\'userId\', userId) .equalTo(\'isPaid\', false); const snapshot = await this.cloudDBZone.executeSnapshotQuery(query); const bills: UtilityBill[] = []; while (snapshot.hasNext()) { bills.push(await snapshot.next()); } return bills; } catch (err) { console.error(\'账单查询失败\', err.message); return []; } } // 支付账单 static async payBill(billId: string) { try { const bill = await this.getBillById(billId); if (!bill) return false; // 调用支付接口 const result = await pay.requestPayment({ amount: bill.amount, description: `${bill.type}账单` }); if (result.code === 0) { await this.markBillAsPaid(billId); return true; } return false; } catch (err) { console.error(\'支付失败\', err.message); return false; } } // 标记账单为已支付 private static async markBillAsPaid(billId: string) { const bill = await this.getBillById(billId); if (bill) { bill.isPaid = true; bill.paymentTime = Date.now(); await this.cloudDBZone.upsertData([bill]); } }}
六、多设备无缝体验
跨设备场景:
在手表查看快递信息 → 手机支付物业费 → 平板查看社区活动
// 分布式设备协同 - 快递信息同步import { distributedKVStore } from \'@kit.DistributedDataManagerKit\';// 手机端(写入快递信息)async function saveExpressInfo(info: ExpressInfo) { const kvManager = await distributedKVStore.createKVManager({ bundleName: \'com.community.app\' }); const store = await kvManager.getKVStore(\'express_store\'); await store.put(\'latest_express\', JSON.stringify(info));}// 手表端(读取快递信息)@Entry@Componentstruct WatchExpressView { @State expressInfo: ExpressInfo | null = null; onInit() { distributedKVStore.createKVManager({ bundleName: \'com.community.app\' }) .then(manager => manager.getKVStore(\'express_store\')) .then(store => { store.on(\'dataChange\', \'latest_express\', (data) => { this.expressInfo = JSON.parse(data.value); }); }); } build() { Column() { if (this.expressInfo) { Text(`快递: ${this.expressInfo.company}`) Text(`状态: ${this.expressInfo.status}`) } else { Text(\'暂无快递信息\') } } }}
七、隐私与安全保障
关键措施:
-
数据最小化原则
// 仅请求必要权限import { abilityAccessCtrl } from \'@kit.AbilityKit\';async function requestNecessaryPermissions() { const permissions: Array<Permissions> = [ \'ohos.permission.READ_CONTACTS\', // 邻居通讯 \'ohos.permission.LOCATION\' // 社区服务定位 ]; const atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager(); const result = await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser( getContext(), permissions ); return result.permissions.every(p => p.granted);}
-
端云数据加密
// module.json5配置{ \"module\": { \"requestPermissions\": [ { \"name\": \"ohos.permission.INTERNET\" } ], \"metadata\": { \"customizeData\": [{ \"name\": \"security_config\", \"value\": \"@xml/security_config\" }] } }}
-
敏感信息脱敏处理
// 手机号脱敏显示function maskPhoneNumber(phone: string): string { return phone.replace(/(\\d{3})\\d{4}(\\d{4})/, \'$1****$2\');}
八、扩展应用场景
-
社区AI助手
import { ai } from \'@kit.AIKit\';const assistant = ai.createConversationAssistant();assistant.on(\'response\', (event) => { showResponse(event.text); // 显示AI回复});function askQuestion(question: string) { assistant.sendMessage(question);}
-
智能垃圾分类
// 调用摄像头识别垃圾类型import { camera } from \'@kit.ImageKit\';camera.takePhoto().then(photo => { ai.imageRecognition(photo).then(result => { showGarbageCategory(result.objectName); // 显示分类结果 });});
-
共享工具箱预约
// 使用AGC的预约管理系统import { booking } from \'@kit.AGConnectAppMessagingKit\';async function reserveTool(toolId: string) { const result = await booking.createReservation({ itemId: toolId, userId: getCurrentUserId(), timeSlot: \'2023-11-15 14:00\' }); return result.status === \'CONFIRMED\';}
结语:构建智慧生活新体验
通过HarmonyOS Next的强大能力,我们实现了:
- 服务一体化 - 整合物业、家居、社交等场景
- 设备无感协同 - 手机/手表/平板数据实时同步
- 智能交互升级 - AI助手提升用户体验
最佳实践建议:
- 使用AGC的AB测试功能优化服务流程
- 通过分布式软总线实现设备自发现
- 利用原子化服务实现功能解耦