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鸿蒙中用HarmonyOS SDK应用服务 HarmonyOS5开发一个医院查看报告小程序

网友: 技术文档 2025-08-08 04:17:48

一、开发环境准备

  1. ​​工具安装​​：

    • 下载安装DevEco Studio 4.0+（支持HarmonyOS 5）
    • 配置HarmonyOS SDK 5.0+
    • 确保Node.js版本≥14

  2. ​​项目初始化​​：

    ohpm init @harmony/hospital-report-app

二、核心功能模块实现

1. 报告列表展示

// ReportList.ets@Componentstruct ReportList { @State reports: Array = [] @State isLoading: boolean = true aboutToAppear() { this.fetchReports() } async fetchReports() { try { const result = await ReportService.getReportList() this.reports = result.data } catch (error) { logger.error(\'获取报告列表失败\', error) } finally { this.isLoading = false } } build() { Column() { if (this.isLoading) { LoadingProgress() } else { List({ space: 12 }) { ForEach(this.reports, (item) => { ListItem() {  ReportCard({ report: item }) .onClick(() => {  router.pushUrl({  url: \'pages/ReportDetail\',  params: { reportId: item.id }  }) }) } }) } } } }}

2. 报告详情查看

// ReportDetail.ets@Componentstruct ReportDetail { @State report: MedicalReport = null @State isImageLoading: boolean = false aboutToAppear() { const params = router.getParams() this.loadReportDetail(params[\'reportId\']) } async loadReportDetail(reportId: string) { this.isImageLoading = true try { this.report = await ReportService.getReportDetail(reportId) } finally { this.isImageLoading = false } } build() { Column() { // 报告基本信息 ReportHeader({ report: this.report }) // PDF报告查看 if (this.report?.fileType === \'pdf\') { PDFViewer({  src: this.report.fileUrl, controller: this.pdfController }) } // 图片报告查看 else if (this.report?.fileType === \'image\') { Stack() { Image(this.report.fileUrl) .width(\'100%\') .objectFit(ImageFit.Contain)  if (this.isImageLoading) { LoadingProgress() } } } // 分享按钮 Button(\'分享报告\', { type: ButtonType.Capsule }) .onClick(() => this.shareReport()) } }}

三、HarmonyOS 5特色功能集成

1. 分布式报告共享

// 跨设备分享报告async function shareToOtherDevice(report: MedicalReport) { try { const devices = deviceManager.getAvailableDeviceListSync([DeviceType.SMART_PHONE]) const result = await featureAbility.startAbilityForResult({ deviceId: devices[0].deviceId, bundleName: \'com.example.medical\', abilityName: \'ReportReceiverAbility\', parameters: { reportData: JSON.stringify(report), action: \'shareReport\' } }) logger.info(\'分享结果:\', result) } catch (error) { logger.error(\'跨设备分享失败\', error) }}

2. 原子化服务入口

// module.json5配置{ \"abilities\": [ { \"name\": \"QuickViewAbility\", \"srcEntry\": \"./ets/quickview/QuickView.ets\", \"label\": \"快速查看\", \"icon\": \"$media:icon\", \"startWindowIcon\": \"$media:icon\", \"exported\": true, \"skills\": [ { \"actions\": [ \"action.system.view\", \"action.medical.report.view\" ], \"uris\": [ {  \"scheme\": \"medicalreport\",  \"host\": \"quickview\" } ] } ] } ]}

3. 卡片服务实现

// ReportCard.ets@Componentexport struct ReportCard { @Prop report: ReportItem @State isFavorite: boolean = false build() { Column() { Row() { Image(this.report.typeIcon) .width(24) .height(24) Text(this.report.name) .fontSize(16) .fontWeight(FontWeight.Medium) Blank() Image($r(\'app.media.favorite\')) .visibility(this.isFavorite ? Visibility.Visible : Visibility.None) } Divider() Row() { Text(\'检查日期:\') .fontColor(\'#666\') Text(this.report.date) .margin({ left: 8 }) } // 更多报告信息... } .onClick(() => { postCardAction(this, { action: \'router\', abilityName: \'ReportDetailAbility\', params: { reportId: this.report.id } }) }) }}

四、数据安全与管理

1. 加密存储敏感数据

// 使用HarmonyOS加密APIimport cryptoFramework from \'@ohos.security.cryptoFramework\';async function encryptReportData(data: string): Promise { try { const cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher(\'RSA1024|PKCS1\'); await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey); const input: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: stringToUint8Array(data) }; const output = await cipher.doFinal(input); return uint8ArrayToString(output.data); } catch (error) { logger.error(\'加密失败:\', error); throw error; }}

2. 数据库操作

// 使用关系型数据库存储报告缓存const STORE_CONFIG = { name: \'medical_reports.db\', securityLevel: relationalStore.SecurityLevel.S4, // 最高安全级别 encryptKey: new Uint8Array(32) // 32字节加密密钥};relationalStore.getRdbStore(context, STORE_CONFIG, (err, store) => { if (err) { logger.error(\'数据库初始化失败:\', err); return; } // 创建报告表 store.executeSql(` CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS reports ( id TEXT PRIMARY KEY, patient_id TEXT, report_data TEXT, created_time INTEGER )` );});

五、UI/UX设计实现

1. 医疗风格主题

// resources/base/theme/medical_theme.json{ \"color\": { \"medical_primary\": \"#1a73e8\", \"medical_secondary\": \"#34a853\", \"medical_warning\": \"#fbbc05\", \"medical_danger\": \"#ea4335\" }, \"font\": { \"medical_title\": { \"size\": 20, \"weight\": 500 }, \"medical_body\": { \"size\": 14, \"weight\": 400 } }}

2. 报告分类导航

// ReportCategory.ets@Componentstruct ReportCategory { @State categories: Array = [ { id: \'lab\', name: \'检验报告\', icon: \'lab\' }, { id: \'image\', name: \'影像报告\', icon: \'radiology\' }, { id: \'pathology\', name: \'病理报告\', icon: \'microscope\' } ] build() { GridRow({ columns: 4, gutter: 8 }) { ForEach(this.categories, (category) => { GridCol({ span: 1 }) { Column() { Image($r(`app.media.${category.icon}`))  .width(48)  .height(48) Text(category.name)  .margin({ top: 8 }) } .onClick(() => this.filterByCategory(category.id)) } }) } }}

六、测试与发布

1. 单元测试示例

// ReportService.test.etsdescribe(\'ReportService Test\', () => { beforeAll(() => { // 初始化测试环境 }); it(\'should fetch report list successfully\', async () => { const mockData = [{ id: \'1\', name: \'血常规\' }]; jest.spyOn(http, \'request\').mockResolvedValue({ data: mockData }); const result = await ReportService.getReportList(); expect(result).toEqual(mockData); }); it(\'should handle network error\', async () => { jest.spyOn(http, \'request\').mockRejectedValue(new Error(\'Network Error\')); await expect(ReportService.getReportList()) .rejects .toThrow(\'获取报告列表失败\'); });});

2. 应用发布准备

  1. ​​签名配置​​：

    hdc appmode install --signature [签名文件] --bundle-name [包名]

  2. ​​上架华为应用市场​​：

    • 准备医疗类应用特殊资质文件
    • 确保符合《移动医疗应用数据安全规范》
    • 提交隐私合规审查

七、性能优化建议

  1. ​​报告图片懒加载​​：

    // LazyImage.ets@Componentstruct LazyImage { @Prop src: string @State isLoaded: boolean = false build() { Stack() { if (this.isLoaded) { Image(this.src) .onComplete(() => this.isLoaded = true) } else { Placeholder() } } }}

  2. ​​数据预加载​​：

    // 在用户登录后预加载常用报告UserService.onLogin(() => { ReportService.prefetchReports();});

  3. ​​缓存策略​​：

    // 使用两级缓存const CACHE_STRATEGY = { memoryCache: new Map(), diskCache: new PreferencesCache(), async get(key: string) { if (this.memoryCache.has(key)) { return this.memoryCache.get(key); } const diskData = await this.diskCache.get(key); if (diskData) this.memoryCache.set(key, diskData); return diskData; }};

通过以上实现，您可以构建一个符合HarmonyOS 5设计规范、功能完善的医院报告查看小程序，充分利用鸿蒙的分布式能力和安全特性，为患者提供安全便捷的报告查询体验。

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