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基于Cursor的 STM32工程搭建 (编译、下载、仿真)_cursor stm32

网友: 技术文档 2025-07-30 12:31:56

嵌入式学习交流Q群 679912988

简介

本工程使用GCC编译器、MinGW、CMake构建工具和OpenOCD调试工具。实现了替代KEIL, IAR等在某些情况下不方便使用的情况。实现了编译、调试、下载、烧录一体。搭配Cursor的Tab补全功能，编码效率大大提升。

工具下载及安装

  • Cursor 辅助编码工具
  • GCC 交叉编译工具是一种用于在一种平台上编译代码，以便在另一种平台上运行的工具。
  • MinGW MinGW包含make工具,它通过读取名为Makefile的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。
  • CMake 构建工具，它通过读取名为CMakeLists.txt的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。
  • OpenOCD 开源的调试器，用于调试嵌入式系统。

有些小伙伴不会登录github,鄙人在此提供所有环境的安装包下载

此工程使用的是Windows系统，所以下载的工具都是Windows版本的。ubuntu系统同理。

版本对应日期：2025-02-08

注意：工具安装路径不要有中文，否则可能会出现编译错误。

安装Cursor

Cursor是VSCode的分支，所以VSCode的插件都可以使用，这也是Cursor的优点之一。强大的Claude 3.5 Sonnet模型加上自动提示Tab补全功能对于编码来说真的是妙不可言。收费20$/月，高端模型500次调用GPT-4, GPT-4o, 和Claude 3.5 Sonnet。GPT-4o-mini或Cursor-small则没有次数限制。
github账号登陆可以体验15天，过期不缴费则与VSCode一样。

现在正是AI的窗口期，AI工具日新月异。包括国产的大模型DeepSeek搭配VSCode也是不错的低价方案。

版本：0.44.8
下载地址：https://www.cursor.com/

安装过程略

需要安装的插件

  • Cortex-Debug ARM Cortex-M GDB Debugger support for VSCode
  • C/C++ C/C++ for Visual Studio Code

安装GCC

交叉编译工具是一种用于在一种平台上编译代码，以便在另一种平台上运行的工具。它们特别适用于嵌入式系统开发，因为开发环境通常与目标硬件平台不同。

版本：gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-win32.zip

下载地址：https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-rm

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\\tools\\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\\tools\\gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10\\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入arm-none-eabi-gcc -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\\Users\\yulc>arm-none-eabi-gcc -vUsing built-in specs.COLLECT_GCC=arm-none-eabi-gccCOLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=d:/desktop/software/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/10.3.1/lto-wrapper.exeTarget: arm-none-eabiConfigured with: /mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/src/gcc/configure --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=i686-w64-mingw32 --target=arm-none-eabi --prefix=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw --libexecdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/lib --infodir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/info --mandir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/man --htmldir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/html --pdfdir=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/share/doc/gcc-arm-none-eabi/pdf --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-mingw-wildcard --disable-decimal-float --disable-libffi --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-libquadmath --disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-tls --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-headers=yes --with-newlib --with-python-dir=share/gcc-arm-none-eabi --with-sysroot=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/install-mingw/arm-none-eabi --with-libiconv-prefix=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-gmp=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-mpfr=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-mpc=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-isl=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-libelf=/mnt/workspace/workspace/GCC-10-pipeline/jenkins-GCC-10-pipeline-338_20211018_1634516203/build-mingw/host-libs/usr --with-host-libstdcxx=\'-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm\' --with-pkgversion=\'GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10\' --with-multilib-list=rmprofile,aprofileThread model: singleSupported LTO compression algorithms: zlibgcc version 10.3.1 20210824 (release) (GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain 10.3-2021.10)

安装MinGW

版本：x86_64-14.2.0-release-win32-seh-ucrt-rt_v12-rev1.7z

下载地址：https://www.mingw-w64.org/downloads/

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\\tools\\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\\tools\\mingw64\\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入make -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\\Users\\yulc>make -vGNU Make 4.2.1Built for x86_64-w64-mingw32Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

安装CMake

CMake是一个跨平台的开源构建系统，用于管理和构建软件项目。它通过读取名为CMakeLists.txt的文件，定义了如何编译和链接程序。

下载地址：https://cmake.org/download/

版本：cmake-3.31.5-windows-x86_64.zip

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\\tools\\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\\tools\\cmake\\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入cmake --version，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\\Users\\yulc>cmake -versioncmake version 3.26.4CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

安装OpenOCD

下载地址：https://github.com/openocd-org/openocd

版本：xpack-openocd-0.12.0-6-darwin-arm64.tar.gz

解压到非中文路径下，例如：E:\\tools\\

在环境变量中添加环境变量

此电脑->属性->高级系统设置->环境变量->系统变量->Path->编辑->新建->E:\\tools\\xpack-openocd-0.12.0-3\\bin

添加成功后，在命令行中输入openocd -v，如果出现版本信息，则表示添加成功。内容如下

C:\\Users\\yulc>openocd -vOpen On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0 (2023-02-02) [https://github.com/sysprogs/openocd]Licensed under GNU GPL v2libusb1 09e75e98b4d9ea7909e8837b7a3f00dda4589dc3For bug reports, read http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html

工程搭建

这里通过STM32F407ZGTX为例，讲解如何搭建工程，GD32同理。

新建工程目录，该项目结构如下所示，包含了编译输出、工程配置、平台库、应用代码、脚本和VSCode配置等内容：

PROJECT├── build  # 编译输出目录，存放生成的二进制文件和其他构建产物├── CMakeLists.txt # 工程配置文件，定义了构建过程和依赖关系├── Platform # 平台库，包含硬件抽象层和标准库│ ├── FW  # 标准库，提供对STM32F4系列微控制器的支持│ └── CMSIS  # Cortex-M微控制器软件接口标准│ └── CMakeLists.txt # 平台库的CMake配置文件生成libxxxx.a文件├── Application # 应用代码，包含主程序和其他应用逻辑│ └── CMakeLists.txt # BSP目录│ └── BoardDemo # 各个板级│ └── main.c # 主函数，程序的入口点│ └── CMakeLists.txt # 应用的CMake配置文件生成elf文件，链接libxxxx.a文件，生成hex和bin文件├── scripts # 脚本，包含构建和调试所需的配置文件│ ├── STM32F407ZGTX.ld # 链接脚本，定义了内存布局和链接规则│ ├── STM32F407ZGTX.svd # 寄存器描述文件，提供外设寄存器的定义│ ├── openocd_target.cfg # OpenOCD配置文件，用于调试和编程│ ├── cmsis-dap.cfg # CMSIS-DAP下载器配置文件│ └── stlink-dap.cfg # ST-Link下载器配置文件└── .vscode # VSCode工程配置，包含调试和任务设置 ├── tasks.json # 任务设置，包含编译、下载、烧录等任务 └── launch.json # 调试配置，包含调试器和调试参数 └── c_cpp_properties.json # 编译器配置，包含编译器路径、标准库路径、宏定义等

具体思路通过CMAKE配置，交叉编译参数，指定静态库目录，和应用执行目录，通过链接脚本生成elf文件，通过objcopy生成hex和bin文件。

由于涉及到的内容较多，篇幅有限，仅贴出部分代码如下。

根CMakeLists.txt

PROJECT/CMakeLists.txt，指定编译工具，交叉编译配置，定义工程名称，指定编译工具，指定静态库目录，和应用执行目录。 通过DEVICE_TYPE指定设备类型，添加宏定义。

# 设置 CMake 最低支持版本cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)# Cmake 交叉编译配置set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)# 定义工程名称project(\"demo\")# 指定编译工具set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER \"arm-none-eabi-gcc\")set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER \"arm-none-eabi-g++\")set(CMAKE_ASM_COMPILER \"arm-none-eabi-gcc\")set(CMAKE_AR \"arm-none-eabi-ar\")set(CMAKE_OBJCOPY \"arm-none-eabi-objcopy\")set(CMAKE_OBJDUMP \"arm-none-eabi-objdump\")set(CMAKE_SIZE \"arm-none-eabi-size\")# 编译相关选项set(MCU_FLAGS \"-mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16\")set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG \"-g -ggdb -Og\")set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE \"-O3\")set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS \"${MCU_FLAGS} -Wall -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wl,-u,_printf_float\") #-w -Wallset(CMAKE_ASM_FLAGS \"${MCU_FLAGS} -x assembler-with-cpp\")option(BOOT \"build for boot!\" OFF)option(RELEASE \"build for release!\" OFF)if(RELEASE) message(\"build for release!\") set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE \"Release\") add_definitions(-DRELEASE)else() message(\"build for debug!\") set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE \"Debug\") add_definitions(-DDEBUG)endif()if(BOOT) message(\"build for boot!\") add_definitions(-DBOOT)else() message(\"build for app!\")endif()if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32\") add_definitions(-DSTM32)endif()if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32F4\") add_definitions(-DSTM32F4) add_definitions(-DARM_MATH_CM4)endif()if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32F40|STM32F41\") add_definitions(-DSTM32F40_41xxx)endif()if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32F407ZGTX\") add_definitions(-DSTM32F407ZGTX) endif()add_definitions(-DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER)add_subdirectory(Platform) #平台库add_subdirectory(Application) #应用

库CMakeLists.txt

Platform/CMakeLists.txt，指定启动文件，添加ASM支持，设置启动文件C属性，生成库目标platform，设置库输出的名称，设置库文件的默认输出路径。

#添加头文件搜索路径include_directories( ./CMSIS/Include ./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include ./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc ./Include)#添加源文件aux_source_directory(./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates SRC_LIST)#添加标准库源文件if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32F40|STM32F41\")file(GLOB FW_LIST ./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_adc.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_crc.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dbgmcu.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dma.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_exti.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_flash.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_gpio.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_i2c.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_iwdg.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_pwr.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rcc.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rtc.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_sdio.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_spi.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_syscfg.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_tim.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/misc.c ./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_cryp.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_hash.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rng.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_can.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dac.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dcmi.c./FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_fsmc.c)endif()#设置启动文件变量if(${DEVICE_TYPE} MATCHES \"STM32F407ZGTX\") set(START_UP_ASM ./CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/GNU/startup_stm32f407zgtx.s)endif()#设置支持 ASMENABLE_LANGUAGE(ASM)#设置启动文件 C 属性set_property(SOURCE ${START_UP_ASM} PROPERTY LANGUAGE C)#生成库目标 platformadd_library(platform STATIC ${START_UP_ASM} ${SRC_LIST} ${FW_LIST})#设置库输出的名称set_target_properties(platform PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME ${DEVICE_TYPE})#设置库文件的默认输出路径set(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/build/lib)

BSP目录CMakeLists.txt

通过tasks.json传入参数，检索BSP子目录

#添加头文件搜索路径include_directories( ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Include ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/inc ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Application)#测试if(${BOARD_TYPE} MATCHES \"BOARD_TEST\") add_definitions(-DBOARD_TEST) message(\"build for BOARD_TEST!\") add_subdirectory(BoardTest)endif()

可执行CMakeLists.txt

Application/CMakeLists.txt，指定链接脚本，设置链接选项，生成目标文件，确保可执行文件依赖于动态库，把目标文件与库文件进行链接，设置可执行文件输出路径，设置 ELF 转换路径，添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件。

set(VERSION_MAJOR \"1\")set(VERSION_MINOR \"0\")set(VERSION_PATCH \"0\")#APP# v1.0.0 首次添加set(BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR \"1\")set(BOOT_VERSION_MINOR \"0\")set(BOOT_VERSION_PATCH \"0\")#BOOT# v1.0.0 首次添加add_definitions(-DVERSION_MAJOR=${VERSION_MAJOR})add_definitions(-DVERSION_MINOR=${VERSION_MINOR})add_definitions(-DVERSION_PATCH=${VERSION_PATCH})add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_MAJOR=${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR})add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_MINOR=${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR})add_definitions(-DBOOT_VERSION_PATCH=${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH})#添加头文件搜索路径include_directories( ./Include)aux_source_directory(./Source SRC_LIST)#添加非标准的共享库搜索路径link_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/build/lib)link_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/Platform/CMSIS/Lib/GCC)if(${BOOT}) set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/${DEVICE_TYPE}_BOOT.ld)else() set(LINKER_SCRIPT ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/${DEVICE_TYPE}.ld)endif()#设置链接选项set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS \" -specs=rdimon.specs --specs=nano.specs -specs=nosys.specs -T${LINKER_SCRIPT} -Wl,-Map=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections\")#生成目标文件add_executable(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf main.c ${SRC_LIST})# 确保可执行文件依赖于动态库add_dependencies(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf platform)if(${BOOT}) #把目标文件与库文件进行链接 target_link_libraries(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf ${DEVICE_TYPE} arm_cortexM4lf_math )else() #把目标文件与库文件进行链接 target_link_libraries(${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf ${DEVICE_TYPE} arm_cortexM4lf_math )endif()#设置可执行文件输出路径set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR})#设置 ELF 转换路径set(ELF_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf)set(HEX_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.hex)set(BIN_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${DEVICE_TYPE}.bin)if(${BOOT}) #添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件 add_custom_command(TARGET \"${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf\" POST_BUILD COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Obinary ${ELF_FILE} ${BIN_FILE} COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Oihex ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE} COMMENT \"Building ${PROJECT_NAME}.bin and ${PROJECT_NAME}.hex\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${HEX_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}_Boot_V${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH}.hex\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}_Boot_V${BOOT_VERSION_MAJOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_MINOR}.${BOOT_VERSION_PATCH}.bin\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.bin\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${ELF_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_SIZE} --format=berkeley ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE} COMMENT \"Invoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size\")else() #添加自定义命令实现 ELF 转换 hex 和 bin 文件 add_custom_command(TARGET \"${DEVICE_TYPE}.elf\" POST_BUILD COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Obinary ${ELF_FILE} ${BIN_FILE} COMMAND ${CMAKE_OBJCOPY} -Oihex ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE} COMMENT \"Building ${PROJECT_NAME}.bin and ${PROJECT_NAME}.hex\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${BIN_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.bin\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${ELF_FILE} \"${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf\" COMMAND ${CMAKE_SIZE} --format=berkeley ${ELF_FILE} ${HEX_FILE} COMMENT \"Invoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size\")endif()

task.json

VSCode 任务配置，包含清理、编译、下载等任务。

 \"version\": \"2.0.0\", \"options\": { \"cwd\": \"${workspaceFolder}/build\" }, \"tasks\": [ { \"label\": \"clean\", \"type\": \"shell\", \"command\": \"rm * -r\" }, { \"label\": \"cmake\", \"type\": \"shell\", \"command\": \"cmake\", \"args\": [ \"-G\", \"MinGW Makefiles\", \"..\", \"-DDEVICE_TYPE=STM32F407ZGTX\", \"-DBOOT=ON\", \"-DRELEASE=ON\", \"-DBOARD_TYPE=BOARD_DEMO\", ], \"dependsOn\": [ \"clean\", ] }, { \"label\": \"make\", \"type\": \"shell\", // \"command\": \"make -j10\", \"command\": \"make\", \"group\": { \"kind\": \"build\", \"isDefault\": true } }, { \"label\": \"rebuild\", \"dependsOrder\": \"sequence\", \"dependsOn\": [ \"cmake\", \"make\" ], \"problemMatcher\": [] }, { \"type\": \"shell\", \"label\": \"download boot\", \"command\": \"openocd\", \"args\": [ \"-f\", \"../scripts/stlink-dap.cfg\", \"-f\", \"../scripts/openocd_target.cfg\", // \"-f\", // \"E:/project/scripts/cmsis-dap.cfg\", // \"-f\", // \"E:/project/scripts/openocd_target.cfg\", \"-c\", \"init\", \"-c\", \"halt\", \"-c\", \"program STM32F407ZGTX.bin 0x8000000\", \"-c\", \"reset\", \"-c\", \"shutdown\" ], \"group\": \"build\", \"dependsOn\": \"make\" }, { \"type\": \"shell\", \"label\": \"download\", \"command\": \"openocd\", \"args\": [ \"-f\", \"../scripts/stlink-dap.cfg\", \"-f\", \"../scripts/openocd_target.cfg\", // \"-f\", // \"E:/project/scripts/cmsis-dap.cfg\", // \"-f\", // \"E:/project/scripts/openocd_target.cfg\", \"-c\", \"init\", \"-c\", \"halt\", \"-c\", \"program STM32F407ZGTX.bin 0x8020000\", \"-c\", \"reset\", \"-c\", \"shutdown\" ], \"group\": \"build\", \"dependsOn\": \"make\" } ]}

Cursor 点亮LED

打开 main.c 文件，添加程序入口点及基础配置。

#include \"stm32f4xx.h\"int main(void){ SystemInit(); NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4); NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0); __enable_irq(); __set_FAULTMASK(0); return 0;}

呼出cursor面板 CTRL+I ，输入 通过标准库添加呼吸灯，IO口选择PA5，呼吸频率为1S ，点击 生成代码 ，然后就变成了这个样子。

#include \"stm32f4xx.h\"// 延时函数void delay(volatile uint32_t delay) { while (delay--) { __asm(\"nop\"); }}int main(void){ // 初始化系统 SystemInit(); NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4); NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0); __enable_irq(); __set_FAULTMASK(0); // 配置PA5为输出模式 RCC->AHB1ENR |= RCC_AHB1ENR_GPIOAEN; // 使能GPIOA时钟 GPIOA->MODER &= ~(3U <MODER |= (1U << (5 * 2)); // 设置PA5为输出模式 while (1) { // 呼吸灯效果 for (int i = 0; i ODR |= (1U << 5); // 点亮LED delay(1000 - i); // 延时 } for (int i = 0; i ODR &= ~(1U << 5); // 熄灭LED delay(i); // 延时 } }}

显然，代码已经自动生成好了。但我想要的并不是直接寄存器操作，而是通过标准库操作。

在对话中输入 不是直接寄存器操作，而是通过标准库操作 ，点击 生成代码 ，然后就变成了我想要的样子。

#include \"stm32f4xx.h\"#include \"stm32f4xx_gpio.h\"#include \"stm32f4xx_rcc.h\"// 延时函数void delay(volatile uint32_t delay) { while (delay--) { __asm(\"nop\"); }}int main(void){ // 初始化系统 SystemInit(); NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_4); NVIC_SetVectorTable(NVIC_VectTab_FLASH, 0); __enable_irq(); __set_FAULTMASK(0); // 配置PA5为输出模式 RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE); // 使能GPIOA时钟 GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct; GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5; // 选择PA5 GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT; // 设置为输出模式 GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz; // 设置速度 GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; // 设置为推挽输出 GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL; // 不使用上拉或下拉 GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct); // 初始化GPIOA while (1) { // 呼吸灯效果 for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5); // 点亮LED delay(1000 - i); // 延时 } for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5); // 熄灭LED delay(i); // 延时 } }}

工程测试

清理

删除build目录下的所有文件

终端->运行任务->clean

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: rm * -r 终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

配置

通过cmake 生成Makefile。该操作前会先清理build目录下的所有文件。

终端->运行任务->cmake

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: cmake -G \'MinGW Makefiles\' .. -DDEVICE_TYPE=STM32F407ZGTX -- The C compiler identification is GNU 8.1.0-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 8.1.0-- Detecting C compiler ABI info-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - failed-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe-- Check for working C compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/gcc.exe - works-- Detecting C compile features-- Detecting C compile features - done-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - failed-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/c++.exe-- Check for working CXX compiler: D:/Desktop/Software/mingw64/bin/c++.exe - works-- Detecting CXX compile features-- Detecting CXX compile features - done-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU-- Found assembler: D:/Desktop/Software/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe-- Configuring done (3.6s)-- Generating done (0.1s)-- Build files have been written to: E:/project/build * 终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

编译

通过make 编译工程。修改make -j10 指定编译线程数。减少编译时间。

终端->运行任务->make

输出内容如下

正在执行任务: make [ 3%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/GNU/startup_stm32f407zgtx.s.obj[ 6%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32f4xx.c.obj[ 9%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/misc.c.obj[ 12%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_adc.c.obj[ 16%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_can.c.obj[ 19%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_crc.c.obj[ 22%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_cryp.c.obj[ 25%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dac.c.obj[ 29%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dbgmcu.c.obj[ 32%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dcmi.c.obj[ 35%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_dma.c.obj[ 38%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_exti.c.obj[ 41%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_flash.c.obj[ 45%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_fsmc.c.obj[ 48%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_gpio.c.obj[ 51%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_hash.c.obj[ 54%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_i2c.c.obj[ 58%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_iwdg.c.obj[ 61%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_pwr.c.obj[ 64%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rcc.c.obj[ 67%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rng.c.obj[ 70%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_rtc.c.obj[ 74%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_sdio.c.obj[ 77%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_spi.c.obj[ 80%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_syscfg.c.obj[ 83%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_tim.c.obj[ 87%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_usart.c.obj[ 90%] Building C object Platform/CMakeFiles/platform.dir/FW/STM32F4xx_StdPeriph_Driver/src/stm32f4xx_wwdg.c.obj[ 93%] Linking C static library ..\\lib\\libSTM32F407ZGTX.a[ 93%] Built target platform[ 96%] Building C object Application/CMakeFiles/STM32F407ZGTX.elf.dir/main.c.obj[100%] Linking C executable ..\\STM32F407ZGTX.elfInvoking: Cross ARM GNU Print Size text data bss dec hex filename 15236 472 2096 17804 458c E:/project/build/STM32F407ZGTX.elf 0 15708 0 15708 3d5c E:/project/build/STM32F407ZGTX.hex[100%] Built target STM32F407ZGTX.elf终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。

重新编译

终端->运行任务->rebuild 实际上是 终端->运行任务->cmake 和 终端->运行任务->make 的组合

下载

终端->运行任务->download

注意修改CMakeLists.txt 后，需要重新编译。即重新生成Makefile。

仿真

这里仿真器我选择的是 stlink

选择运行与调试->Cortex Debug STM32 或者 F5 选择上次的仿真进行

使用仿真需要工程RELEASE改为DEBUG

项目地址

https://github.com/blog-xiaopj/stm32_project

STM32 系列文章

  • STM32工程搭建 (Cursor + GCC + MinGW + CMake + OpenOCD)
  • STM32操作系统移植 (FreeRTOS V11.1.0)
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